Who were the 'War Hawks' during the War of 1812?

The 'War Hawks' were primarily young and assertive politicians, particularly from the western regions of the United States, who actively advocated for the country's involvement in the War of 1812. This group, which included influential figures such as Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun, believed that military action was necessary to defend American honor and interests, particularly due to British interference with American maritime rights and the impressment of American sailors.

Their push for war reflected the growing nationalistic sentiments of the period, as they sought to assert American sovereignty and respond to perceived threats from Britain. The War Hawks were instrumental in rallying support for military engagement, arguing that it would foster national unity and bolster the economy by promoting territorial expansion.

The other options involve groups or individuals who either did not support the war or were not aligned with the interests of the War Hawks. Therefore, this understanding of the War Hawks as champions of war during this critical period highlights their significance in shaping U.S. foreign policy and military action.