What phenomenon does conduction primarily involve?

Conduction primarily involves direct contact between molecules or atoms to transfer heat. In this process, when one part of a solid material is heated, the particles in that region gain kinetic energy and begin to vibrate or move more rapidly. These energized particles then collide with neighboring, cooler particles, transferring some of their energy. This transfer of heat continues through direct contact until the temperatures equalize.

This method of heat transfer is most commonly observed in solids, where particles are closely packed and can efficiently transfer kinetic energy through collisions. In contrast, the other options refer to different phenomena. Sinking of fluids relates to convection, where less dense fluids rise and denser fluids sink, facilitating heat transfer through movement rather than direct contact. Heat trapped in solids does not explain the process of conduction, as it focuses more on thermal energy retention rather than the mechanism of energy transfer. Lastly, magnetic fields pertain to electromagnetic phenomena, which do not directly relate to thermal conduction.