What is the primary focus of Mendel's genetic experiments?

Mendel's genetic experiments primarily focused on the transmission of traits from one generation to the next. Through meticulous breeding experiments with pea plants, Mendel studied how specific characteristics, such as flower color and seed shape, were passed down from parent plants to their offspring. His work laid the foundation for the principles of heredity, particularly the concepts of dominant and recessive traits.

Mendel's experiments demonstrated that traits are inherited in fixed ratios, which can be predicted based on the genetic makeup of the parents. This groundbreaking work established the laws of segregation and independent assortment, which are fundamental principles in genetics. The emphasis on how traits are transmitted is central to understanding heredity and inheritance, making this answer the most accurate representation of Mendel's primary focus in his research.