What does a coup d'état represent?

A coup d'état represents a sudden overthrow of the government, typically carried out by a small group, often within the existing state structure, such as the military or political leadership. This action is characterized by its swift and forceful nature, usually not involving the general populace to the same extent as more extensive revolutions. The goal of a coup is to replace those in power without the foundational legislative processes or public support that might accompany a more democratic transition.

The concept of a coup emphasizes its abruptness and the lack of legitimacy often associated with the method of seizing control, distinguishing it from other forms of political change, such as reforms or transitions that allow for more gradual and inclusive processes. In this context, a coup d’état creates an immediate shift in leadership, contrasting sharply with the more gradual or peaceful changes suggested by the other options.