How many sets of chromosomes does a diploid organism have?

A diploid organism has two sets of chromosomes. This means that for each chromosome in a set, there is a corresponding homologous chromosome. One set is inherited from the mother and the other from the father, allowing for genetic diversity through the combination of alleles.

In diploid organisms, the presence of two sets of chromosomes ensures that there are pairs of genes for each trait, providing a backup for genetic material and contributing to the organism's ability to adapt and respond to environmental changes. This characteristic is contrasted with haploid organisms, which possess only one set of chromosomes, and is crucial for processes like sexual reproduction, where meiosis reduces the chromosome number to haploid, ensuring that gametes will fuse to restore the diploid state upon fertilization.